• Oct. 9, 1823 - Monroe and Adams receive Canning's proposals of Oct. 9; Monroe went to his Ashlawn home in Virginia, consulted Jefferson at Monticello and Madison at Montpelier, both advise Monroe toaccept the proposals.
• Nov. 4 - Monroe returned to Federal City, prayed at St. Johns, saw the Russian note of Oct. 16 that the czar would not receive agents of any rebel South American government.
• Nov. 7 - at Cabinet meeting, Adams urged rejection of Canning's proposal, sought unified policy that would meet Russian and British and Spanish threats. "I remarked that the communications recently received from the Russian minister, Baron Tuyl, afforded, as I thought a very suitable and convenient opportunity for us to take our stand against the Holy Alliance, and at the same time to decline the overture of Great Britain. It would be more candid, as well as more dignified, to avow out principles explicitly to Russia and France, than to come in as a cock-boat in the wake of the British man-of-war."
• Nov. 17 - Note from Baron Tuyl reaffirmed Czar's policy of restoration, Spain's supremacy over South America. Adams argued this note proved that South America was in danger of recolonization.
• Nov. 21 - At the Cabinet meeting, Monroe offered a draft of a proposed message that included praise of the Greek rebels in theri revolt against Turkey and also a lecture for the French, scolding them for their invasion of Spain. Adams opposed specific references to Greece and Spain. Rather, the U.S. should take an independent stand, emphasizing the idea of two hemispheres and America's complete separation from Europe. Monroe agreed to rewrite his message to be delivered to Congress for maximum publicity.
• Dec. 2 - Monroe's 13-page message to Congress included 2 pages that became known as the Monroe Doctrine
• Key ideas:
1. non-involvement - was the traditional American policy of independence and nonentanglement, that the U.S. would not intervene in the South American revolutions not in the European Holy Alliance.
2. non-colonization - was mostly Adams' idea that the "natural dominion" on the U.S. was the American continent from ocean to ocean between Canada and South America. To Canning he wrote: "keep what is yours but leave the rest of the Continent to us."
3. non-intervention - was Adams' most important contribution formulated in the Cabinet meetings, that Europe should keep "hands off" the American continent.
• Results:
• Apr. 17, 1824 Treaty with Russia set the Alaskan boundary at 51-40 on the south and 141 on the east.
• 1825 treaty with Britain affirmed this Alaskan boundary
• 1842 proclamation by Tyler extended the American continental jurisdiction to included Hawaiian islands
• 1845 declaration by Polk that the joint occupation of Oregon with Britain would end in 1 year; was 1st to use the phrase "Monroe Doctrine'

Links:

• Monroe Doctrine text
• John Quincy Adams's Warning Against Searching for "Monsters to Destroy," 1821
• British Foreign Secretary George Canning's Overture for a Joint Declaration with the United States on the Spanish Colonies in America, 1823
• John Quincy Adams's Account of the Cabinet Meeting of November 7, 1823