• economic, ideological, strategic, political

• history of instability - 8 revolts 1823-53
• Maximo Gomez revolt 1868-78 - Ham. Fish, Virginius
• Jose Marti raids from U.S. - Carlos Aguero 1884
• U.S. investments grew - $79m trade annually
• $33m in land - Olney's friend Edwin F. Atkins
• 1894 tariff ended duty-free sugar since 1890
• new revolt began Feb. 24, 1895 - "Cuba Libre"
• "juntas" in U.S. - "Cuban Legation" at Raleigh Hotel
• Cuban Leagues raised $1m - Cigar Makers Union
• Spanish Allianza fired on U.S. ship March 8

• Regency of Maria Cristina, widow of Alfonso
• to preserve constitu. monarchy, privileged interests
• but financial crisis 1892, protectionism, revolts
• Katipunan 1892, Rif in Morocco 1894, Cuba 1895
• Liberal Sagasta sends Weyler & army to suppress
• reconcentrado policy begins Oct. 21, 1896
• revolt and suppression both bloody, destructive

• neutrality June 12, 1895
• Olney seeks Mora claims from Spain - no belligerency
• fear of anarchy in Cuba - not capable of self-govt.
• use diplomacy to protect property, seek compromise
• avoid jingo rhetoric growing in Congress, press
• April 2 1896 Congress resolution for Cuban bellig.
• April 4 Olney note to Spain for mediation, reforms
• August - Spain asks Brit. help vs. U.S. intervention
• Dec. 2 Cleveland speech - autonomy, not indep.
• navy to patrol - possible force - "higher obligation"

• 1896 election - McKinley & TR defeat Bryan & silver
• Secretary of State John Sherman of Ohio - for Hanna
• Henry Cabot Lodge, Albert Beveridge in Senate
• A. T. Mahan, George Dewey in Blue Water Navy

• Hearst NY Journal vs. Pulitzer NY World
• NY junta of Toma Estrada Palma provided stories
• good Cubans vs. evil Spain; democracy vs. tyranny
• 1897 Fred. Remington, Richard Harding Davis sent
• Feb. - "Does Our Flag Shield Women?"
• Aug. - Karl Decker brings Evang. Cisneros to U.S.

• June 16, 1897 - Hawaii annexation submitted
  • protectorate declared - against Japan
• minister Stewart Woodford to Spain
  • demands armistice, withdrawal
• Aug. 9 - Conservative Canovas killed
• Oct. - Sagasta promises autonomy, removes Weyler
• Dec. 6 - McKinley says Spain on "honorable path"
• Feb. 9, 1898 - de Lome letter to friend in Cuba
  • "weak and a bidder for the admiration of the crowd, a common politician...
  • Hearst: "Worst Insult to the U.S."

• Feb. 15 at 9:40 pm - 264 dead of 350 crew
  
• Mar. 6 - McKinley requests $50m for military bill
  
• Mar. 15 - "marble king" Redfield Proctor speech
  
• Mar. 27 - McKinley demands arbitration
  
• Apr. 5 - Sagasta declares armistice, but no indepen.
  
• Apr. 6 - McKinley postpones war speech
  
• Apr. 11 - war message sent to Congress
  
• Apr. 19 - Teller Amendment
  
  • no "sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control"
    

• Apr. 25 - war declaration signed by McKinley
  
• Apr. 27 - Dewey gets orders to attack Manila fleet
  
• May 1 at 5:41 am - Dewey on Olympia: "You may fire when ready, Gridley" then eats breakfast
  
• May 15 - TR forms his Rough Rider 1st Vol. Cavalry
  
• May 19 - Adm. Wm. Sampson vs. fleet in Santiago
  
• May 30 - Gen. Wm. Shafter to capture Santiago , Gen. Nelson Miles to take Puerto Rico
  
• June 22 - Daiquiri landing - 32 ships with 20,000
  
• June 24 - Las Guasimas - black 10th Cavalry
  
• July 1 - Kettle Hill, San Juan Hill - TR uses pistol from USS Maine to kill a Spaniard
  
• July 3 - Comm. W.S. Schley defeats Cervera
  
• Aug. 12 - Manila falls, armistice signed (Cuba free, cede P.R. & Guam, occupy Manila)
  
• Sept. 5 - Malolos Constitution, Aguinaldo govt.
  
• Oct. 1 - Paris talks - seek only Luzon
  
• Oct. 24 - "duty, destiny, Dewey" - "nothing left for us to do but take them all... to uplift and Christianize them"
  
• Dec. 6 - George Vest Resolution - no colonies
  
• Dec. 10 - all Phil., P.R., Guam ceded; Cuba free
  
• Feb. 6, 1899 - Treaty of Paris ratified 57-27
  
• Feb. 4 - Phil Insurrection until July 4, 1902 - cost of $400m., 4200 U.S., 220,000 filipino dead
  
• Feb. 17 - Anti-Imperialist League from 30 states
  
  • George F. Hoare, Eugene Hale, Mark Twain
    

Resources:

• A Moment in Time With The Oregon [battleship BB-3] by Nat Richards from NavisMagazine for the 100th Anniversary of the Spanish-American war (1898-1998)