"French & Indian War"
"Salutary Neglect" after Utrecht
- Prime Minister Robert Walpole 1721-42; George I 1715-27; George II 1727-60
Drummer's War in Maine 1722-27
- expansion of 6-mile townships into Micmacs
- Capt. Johnson Harmon burns Rasle's Norridgewock 1724
Yamasee War in South Carolina 1715-28
- expansion of traders into the Apalache
- slaves armed; alliance with Cherokee; new Gov. James Moore 1719
- Col. John Palmer invades Florida 1728
James Oglethorpe's Georgia 1732
- Savannah 1733; Fort Frederica 1736
War of Jenkins' Ear 1739-48
- England's commercial war with Spain - Hancocks prosper
- Oglethorpe with 1000 fails siege St. Augustine 1740
- Admiral Edward Vernon with 3600 Americans attack Cartagena 1741
King George's War 1744-48
- William Shirley with 3000 Americans & William Pepperrell win Louisbourg 1745
- French burn Saratoga 1745 - Iroquois fear lack of British protection
- Cumberland defeats Jacobites at Culloden in Scotland 1745
"Cold War" interlude 1748-54
- clash of three incompatible cultures
- French expand into Ohio - Duquesne builds forts
- British build Halifax to guard fisheries; call Albany Congress to contain French
- Virginia speculators expand across mountains - Ohio Co.; Loyal Land Co.
- Pennsylvania traders expand to Pickawillany - burned by French June 21, 1752
Year of Decision 1754
- George Washington kills Jumonville May 28, but loses Ft. Necessity July 4
1st Phase 1755 - Cumberland & Vaudreuil
- Edward Braddock & 1300 lose Ohio Forks July 9
- Robert Monckton & 2150 win Acadia Oct. 8 - expel 15,000 French Catholics
- William Johnson & 1200 lose Bloody Morning Scout but capture Dieskau at Lake George
- William Shirley & 2400 rebuild Oswego
2nd Phase 1756-7 - Loudoun & Montcalm
- England declares war on France May 18
- Indians attack backcountry - 700 killed (but no Quakers)
- Oswego lost Aug. 14 - 1600 surrender
- Col. John Armstrong's Rangers destroy Kittanning Sept. 7
- Rigaud attacks Ft. William Henry in March, but withdraws
- Loudoun decides not to attack Louisbourg Aug. 5, 1757
- Montcalm wins siege of Ft. William Henry Aug. 9 - 2300 surrender
3rd Phase 1758 - William Pitt's New Empire
- "Mrs. Nabbycrombie" & 12,000 lose at Ticonderoga July 8 - 1500 casualties
- Jeffrey Amherst & James Wolfe win Louisbourg July 26
- Col. John Bradstreet & 3000 Americans win Ft. Frontenac Aug. 31
- John Forbes & 7000 build road and win Ft. Duquesne Nov. 24
4th Phase 1759 - Year of Opportunity
- Amherst & 11,000 win Ticonderoga July 21 - Oct. 18
- John Prideaux & 2500 win Niagra July 25
- Wolfe & 9000 win Quebec Sept. 13
5th Phase 1760 - French Lose America
- Levis loses 2nd Battle of Quebec in May
- Amherst & 15,000 win Montreal Sept. 8
Treaty of Paris Feb. 10, 1763