The Versailles Treaty

June 28, 1919

The Complete Treaty with all 440 Articles in a single 498k file

The Treaty divided into sections:

In 1919, the Big 4 met in Paris to negotiate the Treaty:
Lloyd George of Britain, Orlando of Italy,
Clemenceau of France, and Woodrow Wilson of the U.S.

  1. Articles 1-26 The Covenant of the League of Nations
  2. Articles 27-30 Boundaries of Germany
  3. Articles 31-117 Political Clauses for Europe
  4. Articles 118-158 German Rights and Interests Outside Germany
  5. Articles 159-213 Military, Naval and Air Clauses
  6. Articles 214-226 Prisoners of War and Graves
  7. Articles 227-230 Penalties
  8. Articles 231-247 Reparations
  9. Articles 248-263 Financial Clauses
  10. Articles 264-312 Economic Clauses
  11. Articles 313-320 Aerial Navigation
  12. Articles 321-386 Ports, Waterways and Railways
  13. Articles 387-399 Labour
  14. Articles 400-427 Procedure
  15. Articles 428-433 Guarantees
  16. Articles 434-440 Miscellaneous Provisions

Sources and Suggested Readings:

  1. The Treaties of Peace 1919-1923. New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1924, is the source of the complete text of the 1919 Treaty.
  2. Mayer, Arno J. Politics and Diplomacy of Peacemaking: Containment and Counterrevolution at Versailles, 1918-1919. New York: Harcourt, 1967, is a detailed and authoritative account of the Versailles Treaty negotiations, and is the sequel to Mayer's Political Origins of the New Diplomacy, 1917-1918.
  3. Macmillan, Margaret. Paris 1919: Six Months that Changed the World. New York : Random House, 2002. This book was originally published in London as Peacemakers: the Paris Conference of 1919. The author, professor of history at Ryerson University, Toronto, became the first woman to win Britain's Samuel Johnson prize for best non-fiction award in 2002. Her book was called "splendidly revisionist and daringly politically incorrect" by arguing that the 1919 peace conference should not be blamed for causing World War II. "When war came in 1939, it was a result of 20 years of decisions taken or not taken, not of arrangements made in 1919."
  4. United States Department of State. The Treaty of Versailles and After. New York, Greenwood Press. 1968. Reprint of the 1944 edition with annotations by Denys P. Myers, 1018 pages, including maps, gov doc S 5.30:92.
  5. Czernin, Ferdinand. Versailles, 1919: The Forces, Events and Personalities That Shaped the Treaty. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1964.
  6. Ferrell, Robert H. Woodrow Wilson and World War I, 1917-1921. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985, is a critical treatment of Wilson's role in the treaty process.
  7. Gelfand, Lawrence E. The Inquiry: American Preparations for Peace, 1917-1919. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1963.
  8. Joyce, James Avery. Broken Star: the Story of the League of Nations (1919-1939). Swansea: C. Davies, 1978.

Maps, Charts, Photos and Cartoons:
  1. Map 1 of Europe and Asia Minor in 1914 (small preview image or both 1914-24)
    Armillary sphere, a symbol of the League of Nations, from pictures
  2. Map 2 of Europe and Asia Minor in 1924 (small preview image)
  3. Map 3 of Germany in 1919 (small preview image)
  4. Map 4 of Mandates in Africa in 1919 (small preview image)
  5. Map 5 of Mandates in the Pacific in 1919 (small preview image)
  6. Map 6 of Former German Cables in 1919 (small preview image)
  7. Map 7 of Mideast after Sevres in 1920 (small preview image)
  8. Map 8 of Mandates in Arabia in 1920 (small preview image)
  9. Map 9 of Wilson's U.S. tour in Sept. 1919 (small preview image)
  10. Chart 1 of Germany's military structure allowed by the treaty
  11. Photo of the Big 4 (small preview image)
  12. Photo of bust of Wilson by Jo Davidson (small preview image)
  13. Photo of Henry Cabot Lodge (small preview image)
  14. Cartoon captioned A Nervous Wreck - (small preview image)
  15. Cartoon captioned Can It Survive? - (small preview image)
  16. Cartoon captioned Touch Not a Single Bough - (small preview image)
  17. Cartoon captioned Can He Get Them Together? - (small preview image)
    "Muzzled" from the Literary Digest 9/13/1919
  18. Cartoon captioned Rear View - (small preview image)
  19. Cartoon captioned You Really Can't Blame Him for Wanting a Life Preserver - (small preview image)
  20. Cartoon captioned Turn on the Hose - (small preview image)
  21. Cartoon captioned Muzzled - (small preview image)
  22. Cartoon captioned The Rainbow - (small preview image)
  23. Cartoon captioned Blowing Bubbles - (small preview image)
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The web page was created July 29, 1995, and revised 2/8/04 by Steven Schoenherr at the University of San Diego
Citation: Schoenherr, Steven E. The Versailles Treaty of June 28, 1919. ../../text/versaillestreaty/vercontents.html [February 8, 2004]